Which mathematical optimization technique revolutionized retail supply chains by reducing the 'bullwhip effect' and is credited with saving Walmart billions in inventory costs?

The intersection of mathematics and supply chain management has transformed how products move from production to consumers. Mathematical modeling, optimization algorithms, and predictive analytics have revolutionized inventory management, logistics, and distribution networks. This poll tests your knowledge about how mathematical innovations have impacted modern supply chain efficiency in the retail sector.

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Collaborative Planning, Forecasting, and Replenishment (CPFR) using Bayesian networks
Fuzzy logic inventory management
Neural network demand prediction
Monte Carlo simulation for stock optimization