Which digital marketing innovation was first used by a US presidential campaign to microtarget voters based on big data analytics?

Government agencies worldwide have been adopting digital marketing strategies to better engage with citizens, improve service delivery, and increase transparency. This trivia tests your knowledge about landmark digital marketing innovations in the public sector that have transformed how governments interact with constituents. How well do you understand the evolution of digital marketing in politics and government?

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Project Narwhal (Obama 2012)
Cambridge Analytica's psychographic targeting (Trump 2016)
Howard Dean's MeetUp platform (2004)
Hillary Clinton's Pantsuit Nation Facebook group (2016)