Which scientific technology was first widely adopted in retail to revolutionize inventory tracking and has evolved to become fundamental to the Retail Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem?

In the intersection of science and retail, technological innovations have transformed how consumers interact with products. One particular breakthrough has revolutionized inventory management, consumer analytics, and the shopping experience itself. This technology leverages physics principles to create an interconnected retail environment, generating massive amounts of data while reducing labor costs. How well do you understand the scientific advancements reshaping modern retail?

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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Near-Field Communication (NFC)
Electronic Article Surveillance (EAS)
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Beacons