Which ancient civilization first used standardized clay seals as 'brand identifiers' on merchandise packaging to guarantee quality and prevent counterfeiting?

Before modern branding and packaging, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated methods to store, transport, and market their goods. From Egyptian alabaster jars for cosmetics to Roman amphorae for wine and olive oil, packaging wasn't just functional—it was an art form that communicated value, origin, and authenticity. This poll explores how one ancient civilization revolutionized product packaging in ways that still influence modern retail practices.

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Mesopotamian merchants in Ur and Babylon (c. 3000 BCE)
Egyptian royal workshops under Pharaoh Thutmose III (c. 1450 BCE)
Chinese Han Dynasty imperial factories (c. 200 BCE)
Roman Republic trading companies (c. 150 BCE)