Which ancient civilization created the first known branded products with maker's marks to distinguish quality and origin?

The first retail environments emerged thousands of years ago in ancient civilizations, establishing trading practices that would influence commerce for millennia. These early marketplaces weren't just centers of commerce but also social and cultural hubs where innovation in product presentation, branding, and consumer engagement took root. Test your knowledge about how ancient civilizations approached retail marketing and product positioning long before modern business theories existed!

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Mesopotamians, who stamped clay tablets with unique seals to identify their pottery and textiles around 4000 BCE
Egyptians, who marked papyrus scrolls with royal cartouches to indicate official merchandise around 3100 BCE
Chinese merchants of the Zhou Dynasty, who branded silk with family insignias around 1050 BCE
Romans, who pioneered mass production with standardized pottery stamps around 200 BCE