Which ancient civilization is credited with creating the world's first known permanent retail marketplace with dedicated stalls and organized merchant districts?

Before modern shopping malls and online marketplaces, ancient civilizations created sophisticated commercial systems that laid the foundation for today's retail experiences. From the grand bazaars of Mesopotamia to the forum markets of Rome, these early retail locations were marvels of organization and commerce. Test your knowledge about where and how the earliest formal retail experiences began!

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Ancient Sumer (Mesopotamia), with their marketplace 'karu' dating to around 3000 BCE
Ancient Egypt, with their 'per-aheh' markets established during the Old Kingdom (2700-2200 BCE)
Ancient Greece, with their 'agora' marketplaces first formalized around 800 BCE
Indus Valley Civilization, with their 'vanij' trading centers established around 2600 BCE