Which marketing strategy was MOST crucial to the initial success of Army Navy surplus stores in the late 1940s?

After World War II, military surplus became big business in America as the government needed to dispose of excess equipment and supplies. This created a unique retail phenomenon that continues to this day. Test your knowledge about the origins and marketing strategies of one of the most distinctive retail concepts in American history that bridges military history and civilian consumer culture.

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Advertising authentic military gear at steep discounts compared to department stores
Creating membership-only shopping clubs for veterans
Television commercials featuring celebrity war heroes as spokespeople
Mail-order catalogs targeting rural communities with free shipping