Which ancient civilization invented the first known form of retail branding by stamping identifying marks on pottery to indicate the manufacturer or merchant?

The ancient world wasn't just about conquests and monuments—it was also home to sophisticated retail and trading systems. From the bustling markets of Mesopotamia to Rome's elaborate commercial networks, ancient civilizations pioneered many retail and branding practices we still use today. This poll tests your knowledge about how ancient merchants differentiated their products, built customer loyalty, and created memorable shopping experiences thousands of years before modern marketing.

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Ancient Egyptians, who marked pottery with hieroglyphic symbols to indicate royal workshops and quality levels
Mesopotamians, who used cylinder seals on clay vessels to identify the merchant and authenticate the contents
Ancient Greeks, who painted distinctive maker's marks on amphora to indicate the origin of olive oil and wine
Ancient Chinese, who used distinctive stamps on pottery to indicate the dynasty and production region