Which geospatial technology has been most transformative in enabling retailers to implement precise hyperlocal marketing campaigns in urban environments?

Retailers are increasingly leveraging geographic data to create highly targeted hyperlocal marketing strategies. These location-based approaches help brands connect with customers based on their specific geographic contexts, from neighborhood-level demographics to regional preferences. How well do you understand the technological foundations that enable this growing retail trend?

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Geofencing with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons
Traditional GPS satellite positioning
RFID checkout systems
Cellular tower triangulation