Which mathematical modeling technique revolutionized retail inventory management by reducing the 'bullwhip effect' in supply chains?

The retail industry has been transformed by advanced mathematical models and algorithms that power everything from inventory forecasting to customer behavior prediction. As retail embraces digital transformation, mathematics plays an increasingly crucial role in optimizing operations and enhancing customer experiences. Test your knowledge about how mathematical innovations have revolutionized the retail landscape!

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Monte Carlo simulations
Collaborative forecasting with Bayesian networks
Simple linear regression models
Principal component analysis