In the 1830s, which retail innovation first allowed customers to see products without asking a shopkeeper to retrieve them from behind a counter?

Before modern retail experiences transformed shopping, one innovation in the 1800s fundamentally changed how products were presented and sold. This poll explores a pivotal moment in retail history that shifted power from shopkeepers to consumers and established the foundation for self-service shopping. Test your knowledge about this transformative development that we now take for granted in almost every store worldwide.

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The glass display case, pioneered by Francis Wolle in Philadelphia
The hanging window display, introduced by R.H. Macy in New York
The product catalog with illustrations, created by Montgomery Ward
The open shelf system, developed by London's Harrods department store