Which presidential campaign first used sophisticated microtargeting based on consumer data to gather targeted feedback from specific voter demographics?

Throughout history, presidential campaigns have used various methods to gather voter feedback and adjust their strategies. Some innovations in this area have revolutionized how candidates connect with voters and refine their messaging. This trivia question explores a groundbreaking customer feedback method that changed modern political campaigns. Test your knowledge about the intersection of political strategy and voter engagement!

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Barack Obama's 2008 campaign, which created a data analytics team called 'The Cave'
George W. Bush's 2004 campaign, which pioneered the 'Voter Vault' database system
Bill Clinton's 1996 campaign, which introduced the 'Constituent Response System'
Donald Trump's 2016 campaign, which implemented 'Project Alamo' data operations