Which ancient civilization pioneered the first known branded products with maker's marks and quality guarantees stamped on retail goods?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated retail systems that influenced commerce for millennia. From Mesopotamian credit systems to Roman advertising techniques, these early retail innovations laid the groundwork for how we buy and sell today. Test your knowledge about these fascinating early retail strategies that helped build empires and connect distant cultures through trade.

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Mesopotamians, who stamped clay tablets with merchant seals as product guarantees around 3000 BCE
Romans, who used 'ex officina' (from the workshop of) stamps on pottery, glassware and other goods to indicate authorized production
Egyptians, who marked papyrus with royal cartouches to certify official marketplace goods around 2500 BCE
Greeks, who inscribed amphora handles with the producer's name and city of origin for wine and olive oil exports