Which government agency first implemented a large-scale 'Shopping Habits Index' to predict economic downturns before traditional indicators showed warning signs?

In recent years, governments worldwide have increasingly leveraged consumer data and shopping habits to inform public policy decisions. From economic forecasting to urban planning, understanding how citizens spend their money provides valuable insights. This poll tests your knowledge about a groundbreaking government retail data initiative that changed how public policy interfaces with consumer behavior.

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The South Korean Ministry of Economy and Finance (2011)
The United States Federal Reserve (2013)
The European Central Bank (2015)
The Australian Treasury Department (2014)