Which ancient civilization pioneered the use of branded seals on product packaging to authenticate goods and prevent counterfeiting in long-distance trade?

Before modern retail, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated packaging solutions for their trade goods. These innovations protected products during transport along extensive trade routes, preserved perishable items in harsh climates, and communicated value to potential buyers. Test your knowledge about how ancient merchants packaged and presented their wares to stand out in bustling marketplaces from Rome to Chang'an.

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Mesopotamians, who stamped clay jar seals to identify wine producers and regions
Romans, who used lead seals with imperial insignias on cloth-wrapped goods
Ancient Chinese, who used carved wooden seals to mark silk packages with merchant identifiers
Egyptians, who painted hieroglyphic maker's marks on pottery containers