Which AI-powered retail innovation was first implemented at scale, revolutionizing inventory management in the early 2000s?

The retail landscape has been transformed dramatically by artificial intelligence in recent decades. One particular AI innovation revolutionized how products reach consumers, creating efficiencies that were previously unimaginable. This breakthrough technology fundamentally altered supply chains worldwide and continues to evolve today. Can you identify which AI-powered retail innovation came first and set the stage for modern retail logistics?

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Predictive demand forecasting using machine learning algorithms
Computer vision systems for automated checkout
Conversational AI shopping assistants
Autonomous delivery robots for last-mile fulfillment