Which ancient civilization first implemented a standardized product packaging system with branded seals to prevent counterfeiting and guarantee authenticity for long-distance trade?

Before modern e-commerce, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated trade systems and retail innovations that shaped economic history. Many practices we consider modern actually have roots going back thousands of years. This poll tests your knowledge about product development and retail operations in ancient marketplaces, revealing how our ancestors approached commerce, product launches, and consumer trends.

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Mesopotamians (c. 3000 BCE), who used clay bullae with merchant seals to secure and authenticate traded goods
Ancient Egyptians (c. 1500 BCE), who used papyrus labels with royal cartouches to certify product origin
Phoenicians (c. 1200 BCE), who pioneered amphora designs with maker's marks for wine and oil exports
Han Dynasty Chinese (c. 200 BCE), who developed bamboo slip tags with imperial seals for silk trade verification