Which scientific breakthrough has been MOST instrumental in developing commercially viable temperature-responsive fabrics used in high-performance athletic wear?

Smart fabrics and wearable technology represent one of the most exciting intersections of science and retail. These advanced materials can monitor health metrics, adjust temperature, change color, or even harvest energy. Behind these innovations lies sophisticated molecular science that's transforming the retail landscape. Test your knowledge about the scientific breakthroughs enabling these next-generation retail products!

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Phase-change microencapsulation technology that absorbs or releases heat based on body temperature
Quantum dot integration that changes color properties when exposed to different temperatures
Graphene-infused polymers that conduct electricity differently at varying temperatures
CRISPR-modified cotton that expresses temperature-sensitive proteins