Which inventor is credited with creating the first practical barcode scanning system used in retail stores?

The world of retail has been transformed by inventions and innovations that changed how we shop forever. From payment systems to customer experience enhancements, brilliant minds have developed technologies that now seem indispensable. This poll tests your knowledge about a significant retail invention that revolutionized the shopping experience and created a multi-billion dollar industry. Do you know the origins of this transformative technology?

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Norman Joseph Woodland, who drew the first barcode in sand on a Miami beach in 1949 and later developed the system with Bernard Silver
Alan Haberman, who created the Universal Product Code (UPC) system in his garage while working as a grocery store manager
George Laurer, who single-handedly invented both the barcode pattern and the laser scanning technology while at MIT
David Collins, who adapted railroad tracking technology into retail applications after seeing inventory problems at his father's store