Which presidential campaign first successfully implemented retail-style data analytics and customer segmentation techniques that fundamentally changed how political campaigns target voters?

In the realm of politics and government, data analytics has revolutionized how campaigns and administrations make decisions. One particularly noteworthy implementation of retail-inspired analytics transformed a presidential campaign's strategy and ultimately changed the course of American political history. Test your knowledge about this pivotal moment in the intersection of big data and politics.

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Barack Obama's 2012 re-election campaign with its 'Project Narwhal' data integration platform
Donald Trump's 2016 campaign with Cambridge Analytica's psychographic profiling
Hillary Clinton's 2016 campaign with its 'Ada' algorithm for resource allocation
George W. Bush's 2004 re-election campaign with its 'Voter Vault' database system