Which gaming company's controversial retail strategy in 2004 initially faced massive backlash but eventually revolutionized digital game distribution?

The gaming industry has undergone massive transformation in how games are sold and distributed. Physical retail dominated for decades until digital distribution platforms changed everything. This trivia question tests your knowledge about a pivotal moment in gaming retail history that revolutionized how PC games are purchased and played, creating one of the most successful digital storefronts in gaming history.

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Valve (requiring Steam installation for Half-Life 2)
Electronic Arts (launching Origin for exclusive Battlefield 3 distribution)
Blizzard (requiring Battle.net for StarCraft II)
Epic Games (making Fortnite exclusive to the Epic Games Store)