Which ancient civilization first introduced standardized product branding and retail quality seals as a form of consumer protection in marketplaces?

The ancient world was home to sophisticated commercial networks and retail innovations that continue to influence modern business practices. From the agoras of Greece to the forums of Rome and the bazaars of Mesopotamia, ancient civilizations developed remarkable retail concepts and marketing techniques. This trivia question explores one particularly innovative ancient retail practice that revolutionized commerce in its day - can you identify the correct historical retail innovation?

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Mesopotamians, who stamped clay tablets with merchant seals to guarantee quality of goods in bazaars around 3000 BCE
Egyptians, who marked papyrus scrolls with royal cartouches to certify products approved for trade in the kingdom around 2500 BCE
Romans, who instituted the 'sigillum mercatoris' system in 100 CE requiring merchant stamps on all forum goods
Chinese Han Dynasty officials, who introduced imperial quality marks on silk and pottery products around 200 BCE