Which ancient civilization first developed a standardized retail payment system using government-issued coins with guaranteed weights and precious metal content?

The ancient world had sophisticated commercial systems long before modern retail concepts emerged. From the Agoras of Greece to the Forums of Rome and the bazaars of Mesopotamia, ancient civilizations developed complex trading networks, specialized marketplaces, and innovative payment systems. This poll explores how these early retail innovations shaped commerce and continue to influence modern retail concepts.

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Kingdom of Lydia (modern Turkey), circa 600 BCE
Ancient Egypt during the New Kingdom period, circa 1550 BCE
Indus Valley Civilization, circa 2500 BCE
Zhou Dynasty China, circa 800 BCE