Which ancient civilization first used maker's marks (an early form of product branding) on retail goods to indicate quality and origin?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce platforms, ancient civilizations created sophisticated retail systems that still influence commerce today. The earliest marketplaces weren't just places of trade but centers of cultural exchange, technological innovation, and brand development. This trivia question explores how ancient retail pioneers used early forms of branding to distinguish their products in competitive marketplaces thousands of years ago.

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Mesopotamian merchants (3000-2000 BCE)
Egyptian artisans (2500 BCE)
Chinese Han Dynasty traders (200 BCE)
Roman commercial guilds (100 CE)