Which innovative product development approach did NASA use to ensure the James Webb Space Telescope's sunshield deployment would function properly in space?

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) represents one of humanity's most ambitious product development projects in astronomy. Launched in December 2021 after decades of planning, design iterations, and engineering challenges, this marvel of scientific instrumentation teaches us valuable lessons about complex product development. Test your knowledge about this groundbreaking observatory's development journey!

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Digital-only simulations with no physical prototypes
Iterative testing in vacuum chambers with full-scale models that couldn't fit in any existing test facility
Launching smaller test telescopes to validate individual components
Relying exclusively on the product development methods used for the Hubble Space Telescope