Which innovative literary subscription model from the 1700s-1800s charged members a fee for unlimited access to books but required them to return materials, revolutionizing public access to literature?

Before e-readers and audiobook apps dominated the reading landscape, subscription models for literature took different forms. The concept of paying for regular access to books has evolved dramatically over the centuries. This question explores an interesting chapter in the history of literary subscription services that helped shape how we consume literature today.

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Circulating libraries
Penny dreadfuls subscription clubs
Chapbook delivery services
Literary salon memberships