Which mathematical technique was first widely adopted by major retailers in the early 2000s for customer segmentation before more advanced machine learning methods became prevalent?

Retail analytics has been revolutionized by various mathematical techniques that help businesses optimize operations, predict customer behavior, and maximize profitability. From basic statistics to complex machine learning algorithms, mathematics forms the backbone of modern retail decision-making systems. Test your knowledge about the mathematical foundations that power today's retail analytics tools!

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K-means clustering
Neural networks
Random forest algorithms
Reinforcement learning