Which mathematical model revolutionized retail inventory management by introducing the concept of 'Economic Order Quantity' (EOQ) that determines optimal ordering frequency and quantity?

Inventory optimization is one of the most mathematically complex challenges in retail. Behind the scenes, sophisticated algorithms help retailers balance stock levels, minimize carrying costs, and maximize sales opportunities. This poll tests your knowledge of the mathematical models that power modern inventory management systems used by leading retailers worldwide.

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Wilson's EOQ Formula (1913)
Markov Decision Process (1950s)
Nash Equilibrium Model (1951)
Black-Scholes Equation (1973)