Which invention, first used commercially in 1974 on a pack of Wrigley's gum, revolutionized retail by enabling automated checkout and inventory tracking?

The retail landscape has been transformed by numerous innovations throughout history, but some stand out as true game-changers. This trivia question focuses on a pivotal technological invention that revolutionized how products are tracked and sold in stores worldwide. Test your knowledge about this retail innovation that fundamentally altered inventory management, checkout processes, and consumer shopping experiences across the globe.

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Universal Product Code (UPC) barcode
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag
Electronic shelf label (ESL)
Point-of-sale (POS) terminal