Which retail innovation, first used commercially in 1974, was inspired by Morse code and revolutionized inventory tracking and checkout systems worldwide?

The retail landscape has been transformed by numerous technological innovations throughout history. Some inventions fundamentally changed how consumers shop and how retailers operate. This trivia question focuses on a revolutionary retail technology that transformed inventory management and checkout processes worldwide, representing one of the most significant retail innovations of the 20th century.

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Universal Product Code (UPC) barcode
Electronic price tags
Self-checkout kiosks
RFID inventory tracking