Which ancient civilization first used standardized royal seals as a brand strategy to authenticate official products and documents, creating trust in government-issued items?

Before modern billboards and digital ads, ancient civilizations had their own sophisticated brand strategies. Rulers, temples, and merchants all needed ways to distinguish their offerings and build loyalty. This poll explores how ancient civilizations used early brand strategy concepts to establish authority, build trust, and create recognizable identities that stood the test of time. Test your knowledge about these fascinating early marketing techniques!

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Ancient Egypt (using cartouches with pharaohs' names)
Mesopotamia (using cylinder seals in Sumerian culture)
Ancient China (using imperial dragon symbols)
Indus Valley (using steatite seals with animal motifs)