Which presidential campaign was the first to pioneer micro-targeted digital advertising based on voter data analytics?

Throughout history, political campaigns have employed innovative branding and marketing strategies to connect with voters. From memorable slogans to distinctive logos, these elements have helped shape public perception and, in some cases, changed the course of elections. This trivia question focuses on a groundbreaking digital marketing innovation that transformed modern political campaigning.

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Barack Obama's 2008 campaign
Bill Clinton's 1996 re-election campaign
George W. Bush's 2004 campaign
Donald Trump's 2016 campaign