Which retail technology invention was first commercially implemented at an Ohio Marsh supermarket in 1974, using a pack of Wrigley's chewing gum as the first item scanned?

The modern retail landscape has been shaped by countless technological innovations, but few have had the impact of automated checkout systems. One particular invention revolutionized how stores process purchases, dramatically reducing checkout times and improving inventory management. This breakthrough technology fundamentally changed retail operations worldwide and continues to be a cornerstone of the shopping experience decades after its introduction.

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Universal Product Code (UPC) barcode scanner
RFID tag reader system
Electronic shelf label (ESL) technology
Magnetic stripe card reader