Which voter analytics innovation was first widely credited with revolutionizing political campaigning during Barack Obama's 2008 presidential run?

In today's political landscape, data analytics has revolutionized how campaigns target voters and allocate resources. Modern political campaigns have adopted sophisticated retail customer analytics techniques originally developed for commercial marketing. This poll tests your knowledge about how political campaigns leverage data to understand and influence voter behavior, a critical aspect of modern political strategy that has transformed elections worldwide.

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Project Narwhal - an integrated database that merged voter information with social media activity and donation history
Cambridge Analytica's psychographic targeting system using OCEAN personality models
The GOP's Growth and Opportunity Project (GOP Autopsy) data infrastructure
The VoteBuilder platform developed by the Democratic National Committee