Which e-commerce technology was first adopted by a national government for secure citizen voting in a general election?

In recent years, governments worldwide have embraced digital platforms to enhance citizen services and democratic participation. From voting systems to public service delivery, e-commerce technologies have transformed how governments interact with their constituents. This trivia poll tests your knowledge about the intersection of politics, government, and digital commerce platforms. Are you informed about how your government is leveraging technology for civic engagement?

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Blockchain-based voting platform (Estonia, 2007)
Biometric verification system (India, 2009)
SMS text voting system (Switzerland, 2005)
QR code ballot verification (South Korea, 2008)