Which country first popularized the 'forced-path' retail layout design (where customers must follow a predetermined path through the store), now used by retailers worldwide?

In the world of retail geography, store layouts are carefully designed based on regional consumer behaviors and spatial considerations. Different regions have pioneered various approaches to maximize sales based on their unique cultural and geographic contexts. This poll tests your knowledge about a significant innovation in retail store design that revolutionized shopping patterns worldwide but had distinct geographic origins.

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Sweden
United States
Japan
Germany