Which presidential campaign was the first to extensively use micro-targeting and big data analytics to segment voters for personalized campaign messages?

Political campaigns have evolved dramatically in their advertising approaches over the decades. From traditional media to digital microtargeting, political advertising represents some of the most sophisticated applications of marketing strategy. This trivia question explores a significant turning point in how data analytics transformed political campaign advertising.

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Barack Obama's 2008 campaign
George W. Bush's 2004 campaign
Bill Clinton's 1996 campaign
Donald Trump's 2016 campaign