Which retail analytics innovation, first widely implemented during World War II, revolutionized military supply chains and later became a standard practice in civilian retail operations?

Throughout history, military technology has dramatically transformed the retail landscape of war supplies. From ancient armories to modern defense contractors, the way military equipment has been marketed, distributed, and sold has evolved significantly. This trivia question explores a pivotal retail analytics innovation that changed how military supplies were managed during a critical period in history.

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Operations Research (OR) inventory optimization models
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tracking systems
Just-in-time (JIT) delivery protocols
Automated customer preference algorithms