Which ancient civilization invented the world's first known form of product branding, using distinctive seals and markings to indicate quality and origin of traded goods?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce, ancient civilizations had their own sophisticated marketplaces and retail innovations. The agoras of Greece, forums of Rome, and bazaars of Mesopotamia were bustling centers of commerce with surprising parallels to modern retail concepts. Test your knowledge about the product development and retail innovations of these ancient commercial powerhouses!

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Ancient Egypt (hieroglyphic markings on pottery and goods)
Mesopotamia (cylinder seals on clay tablets for merchant accountability)
Ancient Greece (amphora markings for wine and olive oil)
Indus Valley (uniform weights and merchant stamps)