Which retail innovation, invented by Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver in 1951, was first commercially implemented in 1974 and revolutionized inventory tracking?

The retail landscape has been transformed by numerous technological innovations throughout history. Some inventions have fundamentally changed how consumers shop and how retailers operate. This trivia question focuses on a groundbreaking retail innovation that revolutionized inventory management and checkout processes worldwide. Test your knowledge about this pivotal technological advancement that bridges the worlds of retail operations and computer technology.

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The Universal Product Code (UPC) barcode system
The electronic point-of-sale (EPOS) terminal
The RFID inventory tracking tag
The electronic anti-theft security tag