Which ancient marketplace practice is considered a direct predecessor to modern retail customer segmentation analytics?

Traditional marketplaces have been centers of cultural exchange for millennia. Today's retail analytics draw surprising inspiration from these historical trading hubs. This poll explores how modern retail customer analytics relate to ancient cultural traditions of commerce, revealing unexpected connections between data-driven retail strategies and time-honored market practices that supported cultural preservation and exchange.

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The Ottoman Empire's 'gedik' system that assigned merchants to specific customer groups based on their social status and purchasing patterns
The Aztec marketplace 'pochteca' traders who categorized goods by region rather than by customer preference
The Roman 'macellum' approach that organized market stalls by product type regardless of buyer demographics
The Chinese 'biaoju' marketplaces that focused on product quality certification rather than customer classification