Which mathematical concept formed the foundation of Amazon's original dynamic pricing algorithm that helped it dominate e-commerce in the early 2000s?

Pricing strategies in retail have evolved significantly with the application of mathematical models. In the early days of e-commerce, several companies pioneered algorithmic pricing that could analyze competitor data, demand fluctuations, and inventory levels in real-time to optimize profit margins. This poll tests your knowledge of the mathematical foundations behind modern dynamic pricing systems that have revolutionized how products are priced in the digital marketplace.

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Bayesian probability networks that predicted purchase likelihood based on browsing patterns
Game theory models that analyzed competitive pricing strategies in real-time
Neural networks that clustered customers based on purchase history and willingness to pay
Linear programming algorithms that optimized inventory levels against projected demand