Which region first implemented the widely-adopted practice of tiered loyalty programs based on customer lifetime value in retail?

Loyalty programs have evolved differently across geographical regions, with various innovations shaped by local consumer behaviors, technological adoption, and market competition. This trivia question explores how loyalty program features vary by region and which geographical area pioneered a particular approach that revolutionized customer retention in retail. Test your knowledge of the intersection between geography and retail loyalty strategies!

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East Asia (specifically South Korea and Japan)
North America (United States and Canada)
Western Europe (UK, France, and Germany)
Middle East (UAE and Saudi Arabia)