Which mathematical technique is most commonly used by major retailers for sentiment analysis of customer reviews to categorize emotions automatically?

In the world of modern retail, mathematics plays a crucial role in analyzing consumer behavior and optimizing operations. Big data analytics has revolutionized how retailers make decisions about inventory, pricing, and customer engagement. This trivia question explores how mathematical modeling is specifically applied in retail sentiment analysis to gauge customer satisfaction and predict future purchasing behaviors.

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Natural Language Processing (NLP) with Bayesian probability models
Simple linear regression with categorical variables
Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations
Euclidean distance clustering without machine learning components