Which transportation payment system was the first to introduce a unified contactless card that could be used across multiple transit services in a major metropolitan area?

Modern transportation has been transformed by innovative payment systems that allow travelers to access services more seamlessly than ever before. From contactless fare cards to mobile ticketing apps, the way we pay for transportation has evolved dramatically over the past two decades. This poll tests your knowledge about a groundbreaking transportation payment system that changed urban mobility.

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London's Oyster Card (2003)
Hong Kong's Octopus Card (1997)
Tokyo's Suica Card (2001)
New York's MetroCard (1993)