Which innovative retail pricing strategy was first widely implemented by the Army & Air Force Exchange Service (AAFES) during World War II that later influenced civilian retail?

Military exchanges (PX/BX) represent a unique retail environment that has evolved significantly since their inception. These tax-free department stores on military bases worldwide have influenced retail innovation, pricing strategies, and consumer behavior within military communities. How well do you understand the economic and historical significance of these distinctive retail operations that serve military personnel and their families?

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The fixed price system that eliminated haggling, setting standardized prices across all global military exchanges regardless of local market conditions
The loyalty discount program offering tiered pricing based on military rank and years of service
The cost-plus pricing model where products were sold at exact procurement cost plus a fixed 5% surcharge
The regional pricing strategy where prices were adjusted based on local civilian market competition near each base