Which gaming company first popularized the 'Battle Pass' subscription model for player retention and loyalty, now widely adopted across the industry?

The gaming industry has evolved dramatically in how it approaches customer loyalty and retention. From basic points systems to sophisticated engagement ecosystems, gaming companies have pioneered innovative approaches that other retail sectors now emulate. This trivia tests your knowledge about a groundbreaking loyalty strategy that transformed player engagement and created a new industry standard. Do you know which major gaming company revolutionized this space?

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Epic Games (Fortnite)
Valve Corporation (Dota 2)
Activision Blizzard (Call of Duty)
Riot Games (League of Legends)