Which ancient civilization invented the first known retail loyalty program, offering clay tokens to frequent customers that could be exchanged for discounts on future purchases?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce, ancient civilizations had sophisticated marketplaces and retail strategies. From the agoras of Ancient Greece to the bazaars of Mesopotamia, merchants developed early forms of consumer psychology to attract customers and boost sales. This poll explores how ancient civilizations utilized early retail psychology techniques that still influence modern marketing strategies today.

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Ancient Egyptians, who offered papyrus loyalty scrolls to noble customers of the royal marketplaces
Mesopotamian merchants in Babylon, who created the 'token-discount' system around 2000 BCE
Ancient Romans, who introduced the 'fidelis emptor' (loyal buyer) bronze medallions for patrician shoppers
Ancient Chinese merchants during the Han Dynasty, who issued bamboo tally sticks to returning customers