Which famous military product development innovation was initially designed to reduce aerial bombing casualties in WWII but later revolutionized both military logistics and civilian retail inventory systems?

Throughout history, military product development has been a driving force for technological innovation, often later adapted for civilian use. From radar to GPS, military R&D has transformed our world. This trivia question explores a fascinating example of how military product design evolved to address a critical battlefield challenge, eventually revolutionizing both military operations and civilian applications.

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Barcode technology, first used to track battlefield casualties and equipment
RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification), developed for identifying friendly aircraft
QR codes, created to track ammunition distribution to front-line units
UPC (Universal Product Code), designed for military supply chain efficiency