Which ancient civilization pioneered the use of branded merchandise with maker's marks on pottery and goods as an early form of product endorsement and quality assurance?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce platforms, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated retail experiences and marketing strategies. From the Agoras of Ancient Greece to the Grand Bazaar of Babylon, these early commercial centers established many retail principles we still use today. This poll explores how ancient civilizations approached retail customer experience and developed early brand strategies that influenced commerce for millennia.

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Ancient Egypt, with royal cartouches serving as luxury endorsements
Ancient Greece, where potters and artisans signed their works with distinctive symbols
Mesopotamia, with cylinder seals used to mark ownership of traded goods
Ancient Rome, where gladiatorial endorsements were used to sell wine and olive oil